2022-10-13 06:19:41
𝐀𝐝𝐯𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐝 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐫 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐈𝐄𝐋𝐓𝐒
Functions of Modal Verbs.
Expressing ability
Terry is twenty years old. He can drive a car. ( present )
When he was ten , he could / was able to ride a bicycle. ( past repeated action)
Paula was able to climb to the top of the mountain. ( managed to do ; past single action )
Expressing lack of ability
Sue can't dance. ( present )
He couldn't / wasn't able to play chess when he was younger . ( past repeated action )
She couldn't / wasn't able to finish the book.( past single action )
Expressing obligation / duty / necessity
You must attend the meeting . ( You are obliged to / You have to / You need to / It is necessary.)
must attend the meeting . ( I have decided.)
I have to attend the meeting . ( Someone else has decided.)
We ought to / should respect the elderly.( less strong than must)
Need I buy her a present ? ( Is it necessary ? )
Expressing absence of necessity
She doesn't need to / doesn't have to / needn't do the shopping. I'll do it later. ( It isn't necessary.)
She didn't need to / didn't have to do the shopping as I had already done it.( It wasn't necessary for her to do it.)
She needn't have done the shopping. ( It wasn't necessary for her to do the shopping , but she did.)
Expressing prohibition
You mustn't / can't be late for work. ( it's forbidden / you aren't allowed to / it's against the rules / law)
Expressing certainty
He must be at home . ( positive ; I'm sure he is.)
He can't be sleeping . ( negative ; I'm sure he isn't.)
Expressing probability
He ought to / should be in now.( He is probably in.)
Expressing possibility
It can get very hot in July . (it is theoretically possible )
We could / may / might be a little late. ( it is possible )
He could / might have been injured. ( but he wasn't )
The Road To Success @IELTSC1
2.0K views꯭❍꯭➢꯭ ❲꯭❈❳꯭ Μ࿆ʀ࿆_࿆S࿆υ࿆ʟ࿆τ࿆σ࿆η࿆ϐ࿆ε࿆κ꯭࿆➣꯭ ❲꯭❧꯭❳꯭ ✹, edited 03:19
I
