to run along – ketmoq to move along – o’tmoq to take along – o’zi bilan olib ketmoq to bring along – muvofiq kelmoq to come along – hamrohlik qilmoq to pass along – o’tmoq, uzatib yubormoq to get along – amallab kun kechirmoq to get along without food – ovqatsiz amallamoq to get along in years – keksaymoq to go along with – kelishmoq, chiqishmoq right along – doim, muntazam along the highway – kata yo’l bo’ylab along the lines of – shekilli along with – birgalikda along for the ride – tasodifan qo’shilgan all along of – tufayli along the lines – yo’nalishda along with – shuningdek, birgalikda
Get in-yetib kelmoq Hold on-kutib turmoq Break down-buzilmoq Call for-to‘plamoq, chaqirmoq Set off-sayohatga chiqmoq Turn on-yoqmoq (TV, chiroqni) Turn off-o‘chirmoq (TV, chiroqni) Take off-yechmoq Look after-g‘amxo‘rlik qilmoq Break into-buzib kirmoq Hang around- biror joyda bekor yurmoq Hand sth out- nimadirni tarqatmoq Get over sth-sog‘aymoq; yaxshilanmoq Leave sth/smb out-qoldirib ketmoq; qaramay o‘tib ketmoq Make sth up-yasamoq; ixtiro qilmoq Put smth off-kechiktirmoq Turn sth/smb down-rad etmoq
Mazkur zamon oʻtgan zamonda boshlanib, hozirgacha davom etib turgan va gapda ushbu ish-harakat qancha muddat (qachondan beri) davom etib turganligi koʻrsatilgan ish-harakatlar uchun qoʻllaniladi.
Ish-harakat qancha muddat davom etib turganligi since - dan beri, for - dan buyon, so'roq gaplarda esa how long - qachondan beri soʻzlari yordamida koʻrsatiladi.
It has been raining since 3 oʻclock. (Soat uchdan beri yomg'ir yog'yapti) It has been raining for two hours. (Ikki soatdan buyon yomg'ir yog'yapti) How long has it been raining? (Qachondan beri yomg'ir yog'yapti?)
Mazkur zamon oʻtgan zamonda davom etib turgan, lekin hozirga kelib tugallangan va natijasi ayon boʻlgan ish-harakatlar uchun qoʻllaniladi. Bu yerda ish-harakat qancha davom etganligi koʻrsatilishi shart emas. I am tired. I have been working in the garden. (Men charchaganman. Men bog'da ishlayotgan edim) Yuqoridagi misolda birinchi gap hozirgi zamondagi natijani (charchaganlikni) va ikkinchi gap esa charchashga olib kelgan va biroz oldin davom etib turgan ish-harakatni koʻrsatmoqda.
Tom's hands are dirty. He has been repairing his car. (Tomning qoʻllari kir. U mashinasini tuzatayotgan edi)
Yuqoridagi misollarda ish-harakat qancha davom etganligini ham koʻrsatish mumkin, lekin bu narsa unchalik muhim emas. Bu qoida davomiy ish-harakat natijasida kelib chiqqan natijani ko'rsatish uchun qoʻllaniladi. I am tired . I have been working in the garden (all day).
Present Perfect Continuous zamoni hozirgi zamonda davom etayotgan biror ishga nisbatan norozilik, jahl, jig'ibiyronlik kayfiyatini ifodalashda ham qo'llaniladi. Somebody has been giving away our plans. (Kimdir bizning rejalarimizni oshkor qilib yuribdi ... so'zlovchi jahl bilan, norozilik kayfiyatida gapiryapti)
Davomiy zamonlarda qoʻllana olmaydigan holat fe'llari (like, want, know) Present perfect continuous zamonida emas, Present perfect simple (hozirgi tugallangan oddiy zamoni) da qoʻllaniladi. I have known Jack for five years. (have been knowing emas.)
Holat fe’llaridan want (xohlamoq) va mean (niyatda bo’lmoq) fe’llari Present perfect continuous zamonida ishlatilishi mumkin. I’ve been meaning to phone Anna, but I keep forgetting.
4. The Simple Future in the Past Tense. (O’tgan zamondagi kelasi zamon) Positive- S+would(should)+V. Negative- S+would(should)+not+V. Questions- Would(should)+S+V.
5. The Present Continuous Tense.(Hozirgi davom zamon) Positive- S+to be+Ving. Negative- S+to be+not+Ving. Questions- To be+S+Ving.
6. The Past Continuous Tense. (O’tgan davom zamon) Positive- S+was(were)+Ving. Negative- S+was(were)+not+Ving. Questions-Was(were)+S+Ving.
7. The Future Continuous Tense. (Kelasi davom zamon) Positive- S+will(shall)+be+Ving. Negative- S+will(shall)+not+be+Ving. Questions- Will(shall)+S+be+Ving.
8. The Future Continuous in the Past Tense. (O’tgan zamondagi kelasi davom zamon) Positive- S+would(should)+be+Ving. Negative- S+would(should)+not+Ving. Questions-Would(should)+S+be+Ving.
9. The Present Perfect Tense. (Hozirgi tugallangan zamon) Positive- S+have(has)+P.P. Negative- S+have(has)+not+P.P. Questions-Have(has)+S+P.P.
10. The Past Perfect Tense. (O’tgan tugallangan zamon) Positive- S+had+P.P. Negative- S+had+not+P.P. Questions-Had+S+P.P.
12. The Future Perfect in the Past Tense. (O’tgan zamondagi kelasi tugallangan zamon) Positive- S+would(should)+have+P.P. Negative- S+would(should)+not+have+P.P. Questions-Would(should)+S+have+P.P.
13. The Present Perfect Continuous Tense. (Hozirgi tugallangan davom zamon) Positive- S+have(has)+been+Ving. Negative- S+have(has)+not+been+Ving. Questions-Have(has)+S+been+Ving.
14. The Past Perfect Continuous Tense. (O’tgan tugallangan davom zamon) Positive- S+had+been+Ving. Negative- S+had+not+been+Ving. Questions-Had+S+been+Ving.
15. The Future Perfect Continuous Tense. (Kelasi tugallangan davom zamon) Positive- S+will(shall)+have+been+Ving. Negative- S+will(shall)+not+have+been+Ving. Questions- Will(shall)+S+have+been+Ving.
16. The Future Perfect Continuous in the Past Tense. (O’tgan zamondagi kelasi tugallangan davom zamon) Positive- S+would(should)+have+been+Ving. Negative- S+would(should)+not+have+been+Ving. Questions-Would(should)+S+have+been+Ving.
The suffix -ful can form nouns or adjectives, like plateful or cheerful. People sometimes make the mistake of spelling this type of word with a double l at the end. Note that it’s always spelled with just one -l:
dreadful, faithful, skilful, powerful
cupful, mouthful, spoonfuls
The related ending –fully forms adverbs. Remember that this suffix is always spelled with two l’s:
W
