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[26] Michel Camdessus, ‘Money Laundering: The Importance of International Countermeasures’ (IMF, 10 February 1998) accessed 5 April 2017.
[27] United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, ‘Money-Laundering and Globalization’ accessed 5 April 2017.
[28] United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime ‘Illicit money: how much is out there?’ accessed % April 2017.
[29] Jennifer Rankin, ‘City’s status as stolen-money haven a stain on UK, says ex-regulator MP’ The Guardian (London, 7 December 2014) <(https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/dec/07/city-london-status-stolen-money-haven-stain-uk-regulator-mp-stephen-barclay> accessed 5 April 2017.
[30] UK Parliament, ‘MONEY LAUNDERING AND THE FINANCING OF TERRORISM’ accessed 5 April 2017.
[31] National Crime Agency, ‘National Strategic Assessment of Serious and Organised Crime 2016’ (National Crime Agency 2016) 28.
[32] Financial Action Task Force, ‘Third Mutual Evaluation Report Anti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism’ (Financial Action Task Force 2007) 250.
[33] Hopton (n 7) 7.
[34] [2005] ALL ER 113.
[35] [2002] ALL ER 801.
[36] [2006] EWCA Civ 849.
[37] [2002] EWCA Crim 6.
[38] Financial Action Task Force (n 33).
[39] Hopton (n 7) 8.
[40] Serious Organized Crime and Police Act 2005, s. 95.
[41] The Strasbourg Convention 1990 (ETS No.141); UK Parliament, ‘Memorandum by MONEYVAL’ accessed 6 April 2017.
[42] Financial Action Task Force (n 33).
[43] Karen and Ryder (n 2) 22.
[44] Hopton, (n 7) 25.
[45] Ibid 27.
[46] Dennis Cox, Handbook of anti-money laundering (Wiley 2014), 61
[47] HM Treasury, ‘Consultation on the transposition of the Fourth Money Laundering Directive’ (HM Treasury 2016) 4.
[48] Dennis Cox (n 47) 76-77.
[49] HM Treasury, ‘Consultation on the transposition of the Fourth Money Laundering Directive’ (n 49) 5.
[50] Hopton (n 7), 41.
[51] HM Treasury, ‘The Financial Challenge to Crime and Terrorism’ (London: HM Treasury 2007) 17.
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