2022-08-27 20:52:02
Dars #25 Past perfect simple tense qo'llanish holatlari
Uzoq o'tgan zamon odatda yo'lg'iz o'zi emas, boshqa o'tgan zamondagi (past simple) ish-harakat bilan ko'p qo'llaniladi. Bunda uzoq o'tgan zamonda ifodalangan ish-harakat o'tgan zamondagi ish-harakatdan oldin bo'lib o'tganligi ko'rsatiladi.
Tom had already gone home when I arrived at the party. (Men ziyofatga kelganimda (o'tgan zamon), Tom allaqachon uyiga ketgan ekan (uzoq o'tgan zamon).
Uzoq o'tgan zamon as soon as/after/before/by the time/when/until bog'lovchilari bilan ham qo'llaniladi.
After we had found a place to stay we went to a restaurant. (Yashashga joy topganimizdan keyin biz restarantga yo'l oldik)
Tom had washed his car before we set off a journey.
The film had already started by the time we got to the cinema.
As soon as he had finished his homework, he was allowed to watch TV.
We had packed all the necessary things by the time Tom came.
when bog'lovchisi o'tgan zamondagi fe'l bilan ham qo'llanishini avvalgi mavzularda ko'rib o'tgan edik. Uzoq o'tgan zamonda qo'llanilganda esa when after (keyin) bo'g'lovchi ma'nosida qo'llaniladi.
When (After) I had repaired the car, we could continue our trip.
Ingliz tilida inkor ma'noli ravishlar - hardly/barely/scarcely (deyarli yo'q, zo'rg'a) - uzoq o'tgan zamonda juda ko'p qo'llaniladi.
I had barely heard of him until that day. (U haqda men o'sha kungacha deyarli hech narsa bilmasdim.)
Uzoq o'tgan zamon (past perfect simple) hozirgi tugallangan zamon (present perfect simple) ning o'tgan zamon shakli sifatida qo'llaniladi, ya'ni o'tgan zamonda natijasi ayon bo'lgan ish-harakatni bildiradi. Qiyoslang:
My car is clean. I have washed it. (Hozirda natijasi ayon bo'lgan ish-harakat)
My car was clean. I had washed it. (O'tgan zamonda natijasi ayon bo'lgan ish-harakat)
Mazkur holatda Past perfect simpleda Present perfect simpleda ishlatiladigan payt ravishlari ham (already, just, ever, never, yet va h.k.) ishlatiladi.
think, hope, mean, expect va boshqa o'xshash fe'llarni ma'noda deyarli o'zgarishsiz o'tgan zamondagi 3 ta zamonda (past simple, past continuous, past perfect) biz qilishga yoki sodir bo'lishiga umid qilgan (xohlagan) ,lekin amalga oshmagan ish-harakatlar uchun qo'llash mumkin.
I expected/was expecting/had expected him to call me, but he didn't.
A: Why are you so disappointed?
B: Because I hoped/was hoping/had hoped that I would pass the test, but I didn't.
Kanal sizga yoqqan boʻlsa, aʼzo boʻling va doʻstlaringizga ulashing @Aimway
33 views17:52