Adjective + to infinitive (Sifat+to infinitiv) Ingliz tilid | IELTS | English

Adjective + to infinitive (Sifat+to infinitiv)

Ingliz tilida umumiy qoidaga koʻra sifatlardan keyin to+infinitive qoʻllaniladi. Quyidagi misollarni koʻrib chiqamiz.
It is difficult to understand him. (Uni tushunish qiyin)
Bu gapni ixchamlashtirish ham mumkin. Bu vaziyatda him olmoshi ega oʻrniga he tarzida chiqadi.
He is difficult to understand.

Yuqoridagi qurilmalar bir xil ma'noga ega ekanligini koʻrdik. Boshqa koʻpchilik sifatlar ham ayni tarzda qoʻllaniladi.
difficult interesting easy impossible possible hard safe cheap pleasant exciting nice dangerous
It is impossible to read your writing. (Sizning xatingizni oʻqish imkonsiz.)
Your writing is impossible to read. (Sizning xatingizni oʻqish imkonsiz.)
I like being with Jill. It is interesting to talk to her.
I like being with Jill. She is interesting to talk to.

Bu yerda alohida e'tibor beriladigan jihat, him/her olmoshi ega o'rniga chiqqanda uni yana gap oxirida qo'llamaslik lozim.
He is difficult to understand him.
I like being with Jill. She is interesting to talk to her.

Mazkur qurilmada sifat va infinitiv orasida ot ham qoʻllanishi mumkin.
This is a very difficult question to answer.

Ba'zan biz birovlarning qilgan ishiga oʻzimizcha baho berishimiz , ya'ni birovning qilgan ishi yaxshi, yomon, ahmoqlik va hk. deyishimiz mumkin. Bunday vaziyatda quyidagi qurilma qoʻllaniladi.
it is + adjective (kind/sensible/silly/careless/unfair) of somebody+to do something
It was silly of Mary to give up her job when she needs money. (Merining pul kerak paytda ishni tashlagani ahmoqlik boʻldi.)

Ba'zan sifat yordamida birovning biror ish-harakatga munosabatini ham bildiramiz. Bunday vaziyatda munosabat bildiruvchi shaxs ega oʻrnida keladi.
Was Tom surprised to see you at the airport? (Tom sizni aeroportda koʻrganidan hayron boʻldimi?)

Bu qurilmada quyidagi sifatlar qoʻllanishi mumkin:
happy pleased sad surprised astonished glad delighted disappointed amazed relieved
We were delighted to get your letter last week.
I am sorry to hear that your father is ill.

Tartib sonlari (the first/the second/the third) va shunga oʻxshash boʻlgan (the next/the last/the only) soʻzlaridan keyin ham to+infinitiv qoʻllaniladi.
The next train to arrive at platform 4 will be the 6.45 to Cardiff.
If I have any news, you will be the first to know.

Biror bir ish-harakat sodir boʻlishi aniqligi yoki ehtimolligini bildirish uchun likely/sure/bound/certain + to infinitiv qurilmasini qoʻllaymiz.
She is very intelligent. She is sure/bound/certain to pass the exam. (U juda aqlli. Uning imtihondan oʻtishi aniq)
I am likely to be late home this evening.

feel+adjective qurilmasidan keyin gerundiy ishlatiladi:
New students don't always feel comfortable speaking English to other people.