34-dars Countable and uncountable n | USEFUL MATERIALS FOR IELTS
34-dars
Countable and uncountable nouns - Sanaladigan va sanalmaydigan otlar (1-qism)
Ingliz tilida ham o’zbek tilidagi kabi Count and Noncount Nouns (sanaladigan va sanalmaydigan) otlar mavjud:
Count noun – bir, ikki uch… deb sanalishi mumkin bo’lgan otlar hisoblanadi.
one apple — two apples (bitta olma - ikkita olma)
one cucumber — seven cucumbers (bitta bodring, yettita bodring)
one girl — four girls (bir qiz, to'rt qiz)
one table — three tables (bitta stol, uch stol)
a book - 3 books
a cat - 5 cats …
Noncount noun – bir, ikki , uch … deb sanash mumkin bo’lmagan otlar hisoblanadi.
Water, oil, air va hokazo
Countable - sanasa bo'ladigan narsalarga birlikda a/an qo'yib yoziladi: a car, a hat, a flower, a man.
Bu so'zlar aniq artiklda kelsa "the" bilan yoziladi: the car, the house.
Ko'plikda kelganda sanog'ini yoki "some" (qanchadir) so'zini qo'llash mumkin: two cars, some cars.
Uncountable - sanab bo'lmaydigan, balki boshqa (kg, litr, metr va hokazo) mezonlarda o'lchanadigan narsalarga a/an qo'yilmaydi: water (suv), rain (yomg'ir), music (musiqa).
three waters, two rices, four milks (bunday deyish xato)
Bunday so'zlarga hech qachon ko'plik qo'shimchasi qo'yilmaydi: waters, oils, moneys - bular noto'g'ri.
"Some" so'zi bilan ishlatish mumkin: some money - qanchadir (miqdorda) pul
some music - qanchadir (uzunlikda) musiqa.
Yoki uncountable narsalarni biror idish yoki boshqa o'lchov birligi bilan aytish mumkin. U holda o'lchovdan oldin a/an qo'yiladi. Chunki o'lchov birligini sanash mumkin.
a piece of cheese - bir bo'lak pishloq
a bowl of rice - bir chini guruch
a game of tennis - bitta tennis o'yini
a cup of coffee - bir chashka kofe
a glass of water - bir stakan suv
a bottle of milk - bir butilka sut
a bar of chocolate - bir parcha shokolad.
a loaf of bread - bir kesim non
a jar of honey - bir banka asal.
P.S. ingliz tilida artikl tushunchasi mavjud bo'lib, tilda katta mavzuni va muhim o'rinni egallaydi. Bu bo'yicha alohida dars o'tamiz.
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